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Archive for January 8th, 2010

United Kingdom of Ice

Posted by feww on January 8, 2010

Arctic Oscillation in Strong Negative Phase:
Why Northern Hemisphere is So Cold

Image of the Day: United Kingdom, Where the Ice Never Thawed!


Photo Credit: NASA/ MODIS Rapid Response. Click Image to enlarge.

Arctic Oscillation (AO)

The loading pattern of the AO is defined as the leading mode of Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis of monthly mean 1000mb height during 1979-2000 period.

Arctic Oscillation Loading Pattern
Click image to enlarge.

The negative phase of the Arctic Oscillation (AO) has been a contributing factor to the arctic cold weather and blanket snow at the mid-latitudes across much of Northern Hemisphere since December 2009. The Arctic Oscillation Index in December 2009 fell to its lowest monthly value since 1950.

Observed Daily Arctic Oscillation Index.
Click image to enlarge.
The daily AO index is constructed by projecting the daily (00UTC) 1000mb height anomalies poleward of 20°N onto the loading pattern of the AO.  Year-round monthly mean anomaly data has been used to obtain the loading pattern of the AO (Methodology).  Since the AO has the largest variability during the cold season, the loading pattern primarily captures characteristics of the cold season AO pattern. Source: NOAA/ National Weather Service

Vertical Cross section of Geopotential Height Anomalies and AO index. Click on image to enlarge.
Click image to enlarge.
The daily geopotential height anomalies at 17 pressure levels are shown for the previous 120 days as indicated, and they are normalized by standard deviation using 1979-2000 base period. The anomalies are calculated by subtracting 1979-2000 daily climatology, and then averaged over the polar cap poleward of 65°N.

The blue (red) colors represent a strong (weak) polar vortex. The black solid lines show the zero anomalies.  Source: NOAA/  National Weather Service


Click image to enlarge.
The standardized 3-month running mean value of the AO index. The departures are standardized using the 1950-2000 base period statistics.  Source: NOAA/  National Weather Service

Related Links:

Posted in AO negative phase, Arctic Oscillation, cold season AO pattern, polar vortex, treme cold | Tagged: , , , , | 9 Comments »

Tropical Cyclone EDZANI Powers Up to Monster Storm

Posted by feww on January 8, 2010

Will 2010 storms be even more up close and personal?

UPDATE: 11 January 2010 at 03:00UTC
EDZANI Weakens Further

  • Time/Date: 11 January 2010 –  03:00UTC
  • Position: 24.2ºS, 71.5ºE
  • Sustained Movement: 165 degrees
  • Forward speed: 24 km/hr (~ 13 kt)

Current wind distribution:

  • Maximum Sustained winds: 140 km/hr (~ 75 kt)
  • Maximum Gusts:  170 km/hr (~ 90 kt)
  • Maximum significant wave height: 8 meters (24 feet)
  • EDZANI is about 1,670 km (900nm) ESE of La Reunion Is.
  • Sources: JTWC and Others

Tropical Cyclone EDZANI is now a Category 1 storm on FEWW Hurricane Scale


Click image to enlarge and animate. Credit: CIMSS

UPDATE: 10 January 2010 at 03:00UTC
EDZANI Continues to Weaken

  • Time/Date: 10 January 2010 –  03:00UTC
  • Position: 20.4ºS, 72.1ºE
  • Sustained Movement: 210 degrees
  • Forward speed: 25km/hr (~ 14 kt)

Current wind distribution:

  • Maximum Sustained winds: 175 km/hr (~ 95 kt)
  • Maximum Gusts:  215 km/hr (~ 115 kt)
  • Maximum significant wave height: 9 meters (27 feet)
  • Sources: JTWC and Others

Tropical Cyclone EDZANI is now a Category 2B storm on FEWW Hurricane Scale

JTWC Reported:

10 January 2010 at 03:00UTC position near 20.4ºS 72.1ºE
Tropical cyclone EDZANI (TC 07S), located approximately 1,835 km (950 nm) east of La Reunion, has tracked south-southwestward at 25 km/hr (14 knots) over the past six hours. Animated infrared satellite imagery shows the Well defined eye feature has weakened and is no longer visible in Infrared imagery. The most recent dvorak fix from pgtw indicated the eye feature had weakened to spiral band curvature. Animated enhanced water vapor imagery indicates the favorable equatorward outflow has decreased over the past 12 hours. As EDZANI tracks southward sea surface temperatures (SST) are beginning to decrease. The combined effect of decreasing outflow and cooler SST values have caused the ongoing weakening trend in the intensity. The intensity is expected to continue the weakening trend throughout the forecast period as SST values decrease further and increased interaction with the mid-latitude westerlies causes vertical wind shear values to increase.
The subtropical ridge (STR) to the southeast remains the dominant steering source, however, a mid-latitude trough to the southwest is going to cause EDZANI to move southward and slightly south-southeast until the trough moves further east and its influence is lost. …  Maximum significant wave height at 10 00:00UTC was 9 meters (27 feet). Edited by FEWW

Other Images:

JAVA Animations:

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UPDATE: 9 January 2010 at 03:00UTC
EDZANI Gradually Weakening

Tropical Cyclone EDZANI is now a category 4A storm on FEWW Hurricane Scale

  • Time/Date: 9 January 2010 –  03:00UTC
  • Position: 17.2ºS, 75.0ºE
  • Sustained Movement: 235 degrees
  • Forward speed: 17km/hr (9 kt)

Current wind distribution:

  • Maximum Sustained winds: 225 km/hr (~ 120 kt)
  • Maximum Gusts:  305 km/hr (~ 150 kt)
  • Maximum significant wave height: 11 meters (34 feet)
  • Sources: JTWC and Others

JTWC Reported:

Tropical cyclone (TC) 07S (EDZANI), located approximately 2,140 km (1155 nm) east of La Reunion has tracked southwestward at 17 km/hr (09 knots) over the past six hours. Animated infrared satellite imagery shows the low level circulation center (LLCC) has maintained a steady speed and direction over the past 12 hours. The well defined eye feature has been on a steady weakening trend over the past 12 hours as well, becoming cloud filled around [January 08, 22:00UTC]. Model guidance indicates that a mid-latitude trough will begin to weaken the deep subtropical ridging (STR) to the southeast of EDZANI and will cause a more southward track between tau 24 and 96. The trough is expected to move eastward allowing the STR to begin building to the south of EDZANI around tau 96, pushing the system slightly westward. A secondary mid-latitude trough tracking to the south of EDZANI will begin to capture the LLCC keeping it on a predominantly southward track even as the STR re-develops. Complete capture of the LLCC is not expected until after tau 120. Decreasing sea surface temperatures and increasing vertical wind shear values beyond tau 60 will cause EDZANI to weaken slowly over the next five days. Maximum significant wave height on January 9 at 00:00UTC is 11 meters (34 feet). Edited by FEWW.

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EDZANI a Monster Storm and Growing

UPDATE: 8 January 2010 at 12:00UTC
EDZANI a Godzilla Storm

Tropical Cyclone EDZANI is now a category 5 storm on FEWW Hurricane Scale

  • Time/Date: 8 January 2010 –  12:00UTC
  • Position: 16.4ºS, 77.1ºE
  • Sustained Movement: 235 degrees
  • Forward speed: 15km/hr (8 kt)

Current wind distribution:

  • Maximum Sustained winds: 251 km/hr (~ 135 kt)
  • Maximum Gusts:  305 km/hr (~ 150 kt)
  • Sources: JTWC and Others


Click image to enlarge and animate. Credit: CIMSS

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Tropical Cyclone EDZANI is now a category 4B storm on FEWW Hurricane Scale

Fed on warm ocean waters, facing little vertical wind shear and showing strong upper level outflow, EDZANI continues to strengthen.

  • Time/Date: 8 January 2010 – 03:00UTC
  • Position: 15.4ºS, 77.9ºE
  • Sustained Movement: 245 degrees
  • Forward speed: 13km/hr (7 kt)
  • A category 4 storm on Saffir-Simpson hurricane scale

Current wind distribution:

  • Maximum Sustained winds: 235 km/hr (~ 125 kt)
  • Maximum Gusts: 280 km/hr (~ 150 kt)
  • Sources: JTWC and Others

Observation:

  • Tropical Cyclone EDZANI (TC 07S) is currently located about 1,075 km (580 nm) SE of Diego Garcia, tracking west-southwestward at 13 km/hr (7 knots), and is expected to continue in its current track  during the next 24 hours. The storm should weaken as it heads toward cooler waters.
  • EDZANI has continued to intensify during the past 12 hours assisted by warm ocean waters (27ºC ~ 80ºF) in the absence of high vertical wind shear, and helped by strong upper Level outflow.
  • The cyclone has developed a  30 km (~15 nm) diameter eye and “is tracking west-southwestward in the peripheral flow around a deep subtropical Ridge situated to the south and east.” JTWC reported.


Infrared METEOSAT-7 Indian Ocean.
Credit: CIMSS Tropical Cyclones Group


Storm Tracker.
Click image to enlarge. Credit: Hawaii IFA


Water Vapor- METEOSAT-7 Indian Ocean. Click image to enlarge. Credit: CIMSS


Enhance IR – METEOSAT – 7 Indian Ocean.
Click image to enlarge. Credit: CIMSS

Other Images:

JAVA Animations:


TC EZANI. Source JTWC. Click image to enlarge.


TC EZANI Forecast track. Source JTWC. Click image to enlarge.

Related Links:

Edzani’s Eye Develops


NASA’s Aqua satellite captured a visible image of Tropical Cyclone Edzani in the South Indian Ocean on Jan. 7 at 0825 UTC (3:25 ET) and an eye is now clearly visible, indicating that the storm has strengthened. Credit: NASA MODIS Rapid Response Team

Edzani’s Rainfall


TRMM captured an image of rainfall in Edzani on Jan. 6. The yellow and green areas indicate moderate rainfall between .78 to 1.57 inches per hour. Red areas near Edzani’s center are considered heavy rainfall at almost 2 inches per hour.  Credit: NASA/SSAI, Hal Pierce

3-D Look at Edzani


TRMM data provided a 3-D look at the cloud heights; temperature and rainfall in Tropical Storm Edzani, revealing a towering cloud near 17 km (10.6 miles) high indicating a strong storm. Credit: NASA/SSAI, Hal Pierce

2 NASA satellites see Edzani power up in clouds and rainfall

The TRMM satellite passed over Tropical Cyclone Edzani in a remote area of the South Indian Ocean on January 6 at 1502 UTC (10:02 a.m. ET).

Posted in Diego Garcia, hurricane, storm, TC 07S, tropical cyclone | Tagged: , , , , , , , , , , | Leave a Comment »