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Posts Tagged ‘Pacific Plate’

Powerful Earthquake Strikes Central Chile

Posted by feww on April 25, 2017

G-194K

M6.9 quake strikes 39km W of Valparaiso, Chile

The quake struck at a depth of about 25km offshore central Chile, but did not generate a widespread destructive tsunami.

Earthquake Details  [USGS]
Magnitude: 6.9 mww [thrust faulting, Nazca and Pacific plates]
Depth: 25.0 km
Time:  21:38:26.130 (UTC) on 2017-04-24

Distances [emsc-csem]

  • 110 km NW of Santiago, Chile [pop: 4,838,000]
  • 8 km NW of Valparaíso, Chile [pop: 283,000]

[Analysis available from FIRE-EARTH PULSARS.]

Posted in News Alert | Tagged: , , , , , | Leave a Comment »

Powerful Quake Rattles Islands of Vanuatu

Posted by feww on October 21, 2015

M7.1 Quake Strikes near Port-Olry, Vanuatu

Centered at 14.842°S, 167.306°E the quake occurred at a depth of 127.0 km, reported USGS/EHP.

At least one aftershock measuring 4.7Mw occurred, as of posting.

EQ Details

Magnitude: 7.1Mw
Time: 2015-10-20 21:52:02 UTC
Location: 14.842°S, 167.306°E
Depth: 127.0 km
Distances:

  • 35km (22mi) NE of Port-Olry, Vanuatu
  • 77km (48mi) N of Luganville, Vanuatu
  • 337km (209mi) NNW of Port-Vila, Vanuatu

No destructive tsunami due to event depth.

Posted in News Alert | Tagged: , , , , , | Leave a Comment »

Strong Aftershock Hits SW Mexico

Posted by feww on May 10, 2014

SEISMIC HAZARD
HEIGHTENED GLOBAL SEISMICITY
SCENARIO 08
.

Strong aftershock strikes SW Mexico

The aftershock follows a magnitude 7.2 event that occurred on April 18 and a 6.4 shock, which struck the region on May 8, 2014.

Earthquake Details

Magnitude: 6.0Mw
Event Time: 2014-05-10 at 07:36:01 UTC
Location: 17.230°N 100.788°W depth=23.0km (14.3mi)
Nearby Cities:

  • 11km (7mi) W of Tecpan de Galeana, Mexico
  • 37km (23mi) W of Atoyac de Alvarez, Mexico
  • 59km (37mi) ESE of Petatlan, Mexico
  • 79km (49mi) WNW of Coyuca de Benitez, Mexico
  • 299km (186mi) SW of Mexico City, Mexico

Mexico 30-days
Mexico Earthquakes Location Map. April 18 – May 10, 2014. Source: USGS/EHP

FIRE-EARTH EQ Forecast

The next detailed FIRE-EARTH Earthquake Forecast will be released together with Bulletin NO. 96 on May 11, 2014.


FIRE-EARTH Earthquake Forecasts for California and Japan

Due to the reasons explained previously on this blog, FIRE-EARTH Science Team has suspended its research on California and Japan seismicity.


Related Links

Posted in Earthquake news, earthquake report, Global Disaster watch, Significant Event Imagery, significant events | Tagged: , , , , | Leave a Comment »

Another Powerful Quake Strikes Solomon Islands

Posted by feww on April 13, 2014

SEISMIC HAZARD
INTENSE SEISMICITY

.

M7.4 Strikes 111km S of Kirakira, Solomon Islands

The quake was the second powerful quake occurring along the South Solomon Trench since 20:14UTC on Saturday, and the latest event in the ongoing episode of intense seismicity on or near the boundary between the Australia and Pacific plates.

FIRE-EARTH Earthquake Forecast

MEGA EARTHQUAKE COULD STRIKE SOLOMON ISLANDS

A  detailed FIRE-EARTH Earthquake Forecast appeared in the Bulletin NO. 84, which was released on April 12.

The next FIRE-EARTH Earthquake Forecast will be issued together with the April 13 Bulletin, later today.

EQ Details
Magnitude: 7.4Mw
Event Time:  12:36:18 UTC on 2014-04-13
Location:11.451°S 162.069°E depth=35.0km (21.7mi)
Nearby Cities

  • 111km (69mi) S of Kirakira, Solomon Islands
  • 321km (199mi) SE of Honiara, Solomon Islands

South Solomon Trench 7M4
Source: USGS/EHP

solomon islands - EQS 13apr14

 

Tsunami Evaluation

PACIFIC TSUNAMI WARNING CENTER/NOAA/NWS
ISSUED AT 13:18UTC 13 APR 2014

It is not known that a tsunami was generated. This warning is based only on the earthquake evaluation. An earthquake of this size has the potential to generate a destructive tsunami that can strike coastlines in the region near the epicenter within minutes to hours.  Authorities in the region should take appropriate action in response to this possibility. This center will continue to monitor sea level gauges nearest the region and report if any tsunami wave activity is observed. The warning will not expand to other areas of the Pacific unless additional data are received to warrant such an expansion.

Estimated initial tsunami wave arrival times at forecast points within the warning and watch areas are given below. Actual arrival times may differ and the initial wave may not be the largest. a tsunami is a series of waves and the time between successive waves can be five minutes to one hour.

 LOCATION         FORECAST POINT     COORDINATES     ARRIVAL TIME
 --------------------------------    ------------    ------------
 SOLOMON ISLANDS  KIRAKIRA           10.4S 161.9E    1258Z 13 APR
                  SANTA_CRUZ_ISLA    10.9S 165.9E    1314Z 13 APR
                  AUKI                8.8S 160.6E    1318Z 13 APR
                  HONIARA             9.3S 160.0E    1324Z 13 APR
                  MUNDA               8.4S 157.2E    1336Z 13 APR
                  GHATERE             7.8S 159.2E    1341Z 13 APR
                  FALAMAE             7.4S 155.6E    1355Z 13 APR
                  PANGGOE             6.9S 157.2E    1359Z 13 APR
 VANUATU          ESPERITU_SANTO     15.1S 167.3E    1341Z 13 APR
 PAPUA NEW GUINE  WOODLARK_ISLAND     9.0S 152.9E    1408Z 13 APR
                  AMUN                6.0S 154.7E    1409Z 13 APR
                  KIETA               6.1S 155.6E    1418Z 13 APR

Related Links

Posted in earthquake forecast, Earthquake Hazard, Earthquake news, earthquake report, Global Disaster watch, Significant Event Imagery, significant events | Tagged: , , , , , , , , , | Leave a Comment »

Powerful Earthquake Strikes Solomon Islands

Posted by feww on April 13, 2014

SEISMIC HAZARD
.

M7.6 – 100km SSE of Kirakira, Solomon Islands

Centered at 11.315°S, 162.211°E the quake struck at a depth of about 29.3km (18.2mi), said USGS/EHP.

The powerful shock occurred along the South Solomon Trench and was the latest event in an episode of intense seismicity on or near the boundary between the Australia and Pacific plates.

The earthquake was downgraded from an initial magnitude 7.8 to 7.6Mw

The quake was followed by about a dozen significant aftershocks, as of posting.

Tsunami Evaluation

Initially, the PACIFIC TSUNAMI WARNING CENTER (PTWC) issued an expanding tsunami warning and watch for parts of the pacific located close to the earthquake.

In a latest bulletin, ISSUED AT 21:36UTC on 12 APR 2014, PTWC said:

SEA LEVEL READINGS INDICATE A TSUNAMI WAS GENERATED. IT MAY HAVE BEEN DESTRUCTIVE ALONG COASTS NEAR THE EARTHQUAKE EPICENTER. FOR THOSE AREAS – WHEN NO MAJOR WAVES ARE OBSERVED FOR TWO HOURS AFTER THE ESTIMATED TIME OF ARRIVAL OR DAMAGING WAVES HAVE NOT OCCURRED FOR AT LEAST TWO HOURS THEN LOCAL AUTHORITIES CAN ASSUME THE THREAT IS PASSED. DANGER TO BOATS AND COASTAL STRUCTURES CAN CONTINUE FOR SEVERAL HOURS DUE TO RAPID CURRENTS. AS LOCAL CONDITIONS CAN CAUSE A WIDE VARIATION IN TSUNAMI WAVE ACTION THE ALL CLEAR DETERMINATION MUST BE MADE BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES.

Earthquake Details
Magnitude: 7.6Mw
Event Time: 20:14:39 UTC on 2014-04-12
Location:11.315°S 162.211°E depth=29.3km (18.2mi)
Nearby Cities:

  • 100km (62mi) SSE of Kirakira, Solomon Islands
  • 323km (201mi) SE of Honiara, Solomon Islands

Earthquake Location Maps

Solomon Island quakes to 12apr14
Source: USGS/EHP

Solomon Island quakes to 12apr14
Source: USGS/EHP

FIRE-EARTH Earthquake Forecast

A  FIRE-EARTH Earthquake Forecast appeared in the April 12 Bulletin, which was released on April 12.

The next FIRE-EARTH Earthquake Forecast will be issued together with the April 13 Bulletin, later today.

Related Links

Posted in Earthquake Hazard, Earthquake news, earthquake report, Earthquake Warning, Global Disaster watch, Significant Event Imagery, significant events | Tagged: , , , , , , , | Leave a Comment »

Two Significant Quakes Strike New Zealand

Posted by feww on December 6, 2013

“Strong” quakes strike along the Alpine Fault

The first quake registered magnitude 4.7 and struck about 5km south-west of Seddon, upper South Island, rattling buildings in downtown Wellington, according to local reports.

Magnitude: 4.7
Depth: 21 km
Epicenter: 41.70ºS, 174.03ºE
Location 5 km south-west of Seddon
Date/Time:  December 6 2013 at 0:45:00UTC
Intensity:  Strong (MM scale)
Source: Geonet

The second quake, also measuring magnitude 4.7, struck 10 km north-west of Milford Sound near the lower South Island shaking Milford Sound, about two hours later.

Magnitude: 4.7
Depth: 16 km
Epicenter:  44.58ºS, 167.88ºE
Location: 10 km north-west of Milford Sound
Date/Time: December 6 2013 at 02:56:30UTC
Intensity: Strong  (MM scale)
Source: Geonet

The quakes followed another significant quake, measuring magnitude 4.2, which struck at a depth of 5km, about 20 km west of Reefton (42.03ºS, 171.65ºE) on Sunday, according to Geonet records.

Be sure to search blog content for important information concerning NZ earthquakes.

Posted in earthquake, earthquake 2013, Significant Event Imagery, significant events | Tagged: , , , , , , , , , | Leave a Comment »

Strong Quake Strikes Taiwan

Posted by feww on October 31, 2013

UPDATE: The quake magnitude has been downgraded to 6.3Mw by Taiwan’s Central Weather Bureau

 

Strong, Shallow Quake Strikes 45km SSW of Hualian, Taiwan

Members Note: Multiple plates going through a laborious algorithm to produce the desired outcome!

REVISED EQ Details

  • Magnitude: 6.3Mw
  • Event Time: 2013-10-31 @ 12:02UTC
  • Location: 23.55°N, 121.42°E
  • Depth: 19.5km
  • Source: Central Weather Bureau, Taiwan

Nearby Cities

  • 53km SSW of Hualien County, Taiwan
  • 760km (472mi) ENE of Hong Kong

NO local reports of damage or casualties available  as of posting.

EE1031200263121
Source: Central Weather Bureau, Taiwan

taiwan halloween quake
Earthquake Location Map. Source: USGS/EHP

More detail to follow …

Seismic activity along the boundaries of the Philippine Sea Plate (Allen et al., 2009) has produced 7 great (M>8.0) earthquakes and 250 large (M>7) events. Among the most destructive events were the 1923 Kanto, the 1948 Fukui and the 1995 Kobe (Japan) earthquakes (99,000, 5,100, and 6,400 casualties, respectively), the 1935 and the 1999 Chi-Chi (Taiwan) earthquakes (3,300 and 2,500 casualties, respectively), and the 1976 M7.6 Moro Gulf and 1990 M7.6 Luzon (Philippines) earthquakes (7,100 and 2,400 casualties, respectively). There have also been a number of tsunami-generating events in the region, including the Moro Gulf earthquake, whose tsunami resulted in more than 5,000 deaths. –USGS/EHP

Typhoon KROSA Image Update

The quake struck Taiwan as the outer bands of Typhoon KROSA battered the coastal areas south and southeast of the island.

korsa update 1
Typhoon KROSA Visible/IR  satellite image (FIRE-EARTH Enhancement) recorded at 12:30UTC on October 31, 2013. Source: CIMSS/SSEC/WISC.

Posted in Global Disaster watch, global disasters, global disasters 2013, Significant Event Imagery, significant events | Tagged: , , , , , , , , , , , , , | Leave a Comment »

Busy Day at the Pacific Rim of Fire

Posted by feww on September 4, 2013

M6.5 quake strikes near Atka, Alaska

Strong quake measuring 6.5Mw struck about 77km (48mi) SSW of Atka, Alaska at 02:32 UTC, Wednesday, September 4, 2013.

The quake was centered at 51.592°N 174.760°W, and struck about 39.9km (24.8mi) deep, USGS/EHP reported.

NO tsunami reported.

Two significant aftershocks followed the mainshock, as of posting.

  • 5.5Mw + 78km SSW of Atka, Alaska 2013-09-04 13:16:31 UTC+09:00 D=34.6 km
  • 5.2Mw + 80km SW of Atka, Alaska 2013-09-04 14:15:56 UTC+09:00 D=44.8 km

The quake followed similar size shocks that struck Izu Islands, Japan Region and Bella Bella, Canada since late Tuesday.

alska quakes 9-4-2013
Pacific Ring of Fire – Earthquake Location Map No. 2, Sept. 4, 2013. at 06:10UTC. Image source: USGS/EHP.

PRF- eq- sep 4-2013
Pacific Ring of Fire – Earthquake Location Map No.1, Sept. 4, 2013 at 01:20UTC. Image source: USGS/EHP.

Related Links

Posted in Alaska Earthquake forecast, Canada Earthquake, Significant Earthquakes, Significant Event Imagery, significant events | Tagged: , , , , , , , , , , , , | 2 Comments »

Another M6.5 Quake Strikes New Zealand

Posted by feww on August 16, 2013

Strong quake strikes near Blenheim, New Zealand

A strong earthquakes, measuring 6.5Mw, followed by at least 5 significant aftershocks, hit central New Zealand, sending Wellington commuters fleeing from the city, forcing thousands of office workers to evacuate and causing  havoc in Marlborough.

nz 6-5 quake 16aug2013
Earthquake location map. Source: USGS/EHP

Earthquake Details [USGS/EHP]

  • Magnitude: 6.5Mw
  • Depth:10.0km
  • Location: 41.767°S 174.061°E
  • Time: 2013-08-16 11:31:07 UTC+09:00

Buildings have been severely damaged in Seddon, which has been the center of seismic activity since an earlier M6.5 tremor struck the are on July 21, said a report.

The earthquake was felt strongly in NZ Parliament, said a political commentator.

“You could see the floor of the house wobbling and you could see all the fences around shaking and all the windows were shaking.” A Blenheim resident said.

“Its way bigger, hugely bigger, like with the other one because we had heaps of after shocks with the other one they were just not anything to kind of panic about.”

A Nelson resident told NewstalkZB she could hear the “violent” earthquake coming just before it struck.

“Last time it threw us around, the last earthquake, but you could hear this one coming. It was big, and really noisy.”

NZ Quake Links:

On July 24, 2013 in New Zealand Earthquake Damage Estimate, FIRE-EARTH said:

To New Zealand PM and his censorship psychos:

We haven’t started laughing yet, but it’s getting increasingly more difficult to hold back the giggles. [x2]

On June 13, 2011, in reply to a comment posted on the blog, FIRE-EARTH said:

As if by a massive irony, your most populated cities are situated right above geological nightmares–a fact that your government scientists don’t know, or won’t tell you.

https://feww.wordpress.com/2011/02/23/christchurch-could-vanish-from-google-map/#comment-13349

On March 4, 2011, in reply to a comment posted on the blog, FIRE-EARTH said:

Our advice to YOU and all intelligent people in Wellington area
1. There’s a frighteningly large buildup of tectonic stress energy right under your feet.
2. RUN while you’re still alive, before the next exodus bottleneck makes it impossible to flee the danger zone.

https://feww.wordpress.com/2011/02/24/new-zealand-earthquake-update-feb-24/#comment-12497

For additional FIRE-EARTH comments on NZ seismic hazards, see also

https://feww.wordpress.com/2011/02/24/new-zealand-earthquake-update-feb-24/#comment-12474

On July 15, 2009, FIRE-EARTH said:

A Warning to Visitors to New Zealand:

Climatological and Geological Warning! The New Zealand region is about to experience significant climatological events and large-scale geological and tectonic activity over an extensive period of time. Would be visitors are advised to stay out of the area for the foreseeable future.

Will a magnitude 9.8 (MW) earthquake centered at 42° 00′ 59″ South, 175° 05′ 07″ East herald the end of New Zealand Islands?

Related Links

Posted in new zealand collapse, new zealand disasters, New Zealand earthquake, New Zealand earthquake forecast, New Zealand Earthquake Warning | Tagged: , , , , , , , , , , , , | 2 Comments »

M6.5 Quake Strikes Off the Coast of New Zealand

Posted by feww on July 21, 2013

Seismicity continues in Cook Strait, New Zealand

Event Time: 2013-07-21 17:09:31 [UTC+12:00 at epicenter]
Location: 41.713°S 174.443°E
Depth: 14.0km (8.7mi)
Nearby Cities:

  • 46km (29mi) ESE of Blenheim, New Zealand
  • 54km (34mi) SSW of Wellington, New Zealand

Source: USGS/EHP

cook strait quake cluster
Cook Strait Earthquake Cluster Map. Source: Geonet NZ.

The first significant shock in the cluster, a magnitude 5.7, struck Friday morning local time, followed by a magnitude 5.8 Sunday morning.

On July 15, 2009, FIRE-EARTH said:

A Warning to Visitors to New Zealand:

Climatological and Geological Warning! The New Zealand region is about to experience significant climatological events and large-scale geological and tectonic activity over an extensive period of time. Would be visitors are advised to stay out of the area for the foreseeable future.

Will a magnitude 9.8 (MW) earthquake centered at 42° 00′ 59″ South, 175° 05′ 07″ East herald the end of New Zealand Islands?

Related Links

Posted in Global Disaster watch, global disasters, global disasters 2013, Significant Event Imagery, significant events, significant geophysical disturbances | Tagged: , , , , , , , , | 2 Comments »

Global Tectonics Warning – April 27

Posted by feww on April 27, 2011

Alaska Earthquake

FIRE-EARTH Model shows NEAR CRITICAL buildup of tectonic stress energy near the coast of Alaska.

Global Disasters

Related Links:

Posted in 2011 disasters, 2011 earthquakes, Alaska Earthquake forecast, Alaska Earthquake Warning | Tagged: , , , , , , | 1 Comment »

Powerful Quake Strikes Fiji

Posted by feww on November 9, 2009

Another powerful earthquake strikes Fiji – more intense seismic activity could occur in the region this year

A powerful quake measuring up to 7.3 Mw struck Fiji at 17.212°S, 178.413°E or about 100 km north of the capital, Suva and at a depth of 585 km on Monday, November 09, 2009 at 10:45 UTC.

The mainshock was followed by at least one aftershock measuring 5.3 Mw.

On August 19, 2009 FEWW Moderators posted the following entry:

New Round of Geo-Assualt at Kermadec Trench

Following the powerful 7.8 magnitude earthquake that struck the tip of the Fiordland, South island, New Zealand, followed by a large cluster of aftershocks, another round of geo-assault appears to be gearing up at the southern end of the Kermadec trench.

The Fiordland quakes occurred as a result of a large reverse faulting motion caused by the subduction of the Australian subplate under the Pacific plate, on which Fiordland rests,  in Puysegur Trench, at the Alpine Fault.

The new wave of earthquakes would instead be caused by the ‘mirror image’ action, with Pacific plate subducting beneath the Australian protoplate.

A magnitude 6.3 earthquake that struck south of the Fiji Islands on August 18, 2009 at 21:21 UTC may herald a new round of intense [and unprecedented] seismic activity at Kermadec Trench to the north, NE, and East of the North Island, as well as the north, NE, and east of the South Island, New Zealand.

10-degree Map Centered at 15°S,180°E

fiji 9Nov09
Earthquake location Map. Source: USGS/EHP. Enhanced by FEWW

Earthquake Details:

  • Magnitude: 7.2 [Maximum quake magnitude estimated by FEWW at 7.0 Mw]
  • Date-Time:
    • Monday, November 09, 2009 at 10:44:54 UTC
    • Monday, November 09, 2009 at 10:44:54 PM at epicenter
  • Location: 17.212°S, 178.413°E
  • Depth: 585.1 km (363.6 miles)
  • Region: FIJI
  • Distances:
    • 100 km (65 miles) N of SUVA, Viti Levu, Fiji
    • 135 km (85 miles) SW of Lambasa, Vanua Levu, Fiji
    • 485 km (300 miles) NW of Ndoi Island, Fiji
    • 2205 km (1370 miles) N of Auckland, New Zealand
  • Location Uncertainty: horizontal +/- 7 km (4.3 miles); depth +/- 9 km (5.6 miles)
  • Source:  USGS NEIC (WDCS-D)
  • Event ID: us2009nuam

Seismic Hazard Map
neic_nuam_w

Major Tectonic Boundaries: Subduction Zones -purple, Ridges -red and Transform Faults -green- USGS/EHP

Seismic Hazard Map

neic_nuam_7
Major Tectonic Boundaries: Subduction Zones -purple, Ridges -red and Transform Faults -green- USGS/EHP

Tsunami Info:

NOAA Pacific Tsunami Warning Center reported NO destructive tsunami as a result of this event.

Related Links:

Other Related Links [Including FEWW forecasts]

Posted in earthquake, earthquake forecast, Earthquakes, eww earthquake forecast, Fiji earthquakes, seismic activity report | Tagged: , , , , , , , , , , , , , | Leave a Comment »

Magnitude 7 Earthquake Hits Kermadec Islands

Posted by feww on September 30, 2008

Region: KERMADEC ISLANDS, NEW ZEALAND


10-degree Map Centered at 30°S,180°E – 2 Earthquakes on the Map. USGS


Raoul Island, Kermadec Islands, Global Reference Map. USGS

Magnitude:    7.0
Date-Time: Tuesday, September 30, 2008 at 03:19:31 AM at epicenter
Location: 29.872°S, 177.684°W
Depth: 35 km  set by location program
Distances:

  • 70 km  SSE of Raoul Island, Kermadec Islands
  • 210 km  NE of L’Esperance Rock, Kermadec Islands
  • 1050 km  NE of Auckland, New Zealand
  • 1440 km  NNE of WELLINGTON, New Zealand

Location Uncertainty: horizontal +/- 6.8 km ; depth fixed by location program
Source: USGS NEIC

Aftershocks: Magnitude 5.2 [Tuesday, September 30, 2008 at 04:10:38 AM at epicenter at T+ 51 min.]

FEWW Comments:

  • Another 6.8+ quake in the area within 200km radius of Raoul Island, as well as more aftershocks of magnitude 4+ can be expected in the next 18-24 days.
  • The mean center of earthquake cluster incidence along the Tonga – Kermadec subduction zone that has produced about 50 earthquakes of magnitude 6 or larger [USGS data] and includes the epicenter of the September 30 quakes detailed above, is shifting in a southerly direction, along the interaction line between the Pacific and Australia plates, toward New Zealand.

Implication for New Zealand Islands:

  • A substantial increase in the frequency of earthquake striking the twin islands.
  • More earthquakes with magnitude 6 or larger.
  • A marked increased in large explosive volcanic eruptions, especially in the following zones [also include ‘extinct’ volcanoes]
    • Taupo Volcanic Zone
    • Bombay Hills
    • Auckland volcanic field
    • Mount Taranaki
    • Mt Horrible volcano
    • Mount Taranaki
    • Mount Cargill

Worst Case Condition for New Zealand Islands:

  • Large earthquakes and massive volcanic eruptions could potentially destroy much of New Zealand structures and claim many lives.
  • Earthquake and volcano-triggered waves could also give rise to 40 to 50-meter tsunami that would engulf the coastal areas and low-lying lands throughout New Zealand [could also affect parts of Australia’s eastern seaboard,] compounding the damage.
  • A super/mega colossal Plinian/Ultra-Plinian eruption occurring in New Zealand’s North Island simultaneously [or within a short period of time] with a magnitude 9.8 earthquake off the eastern coast of New Zealand could claim many lives.
  • Probability of occurrence:
    1. Event 1.  A magnitude 9.8 earthquake striking off the eastern coast of New Zealand with (i) the foreshocks ripping through Auckland, Hamilton, Taupo areas, (ii) the mainshock leveling Wellington, Palmerstone North, Marlborough, Nelson and Christchurch, and (iii) the aftershock causing substantial damage as far south as Invercargill: 85%
    2. Event 2. A super/ mega colossal Plinian/Ultra-Plinian eruption in the North Island: 72%  [South Island: 57%]
    3. Event 1 and Event 2 occurring simultaneously, or within a short period of time: 64 %

Related Links:

Seismicity in 2008. USGS

Magnitude 7 and higher since 1900. USGS


All Images Credit: USGS

PDF version ; Image

DISCUSSION [Source: USGS]

The September 29, 2008, M7.0 earthquake occurred in the Tonga – Kermadec subduction zone. The subduction zone extends north-northeast from the North Island of New Zealand for over 2500 km through Tonga to within 100 km of Western Samoa. At a broad scale, tectonics of the subduction zone reflect the motion of the Pacific plate westward with respect to the interior of the Australia plate at a velocity of about 60 mm/y in the epicentral region of the earthquake. The Pacific plate subducts beneath the Australia plate at the Tonga and Kermadec trenches, and dips to the west. In detail, the eastern edge of the broad Australia plate may itself be viewed as a collection of small plates or microplates that move with respect to each other and with respect to the Pacific plate and the Australia plate interior. The location and focal-mechanism of the earthquake are consistent with it occurring as thrust faulting on the interface between the subducting Pacific plate and the overriding Australia plate (in detail, the overriding Kermadec microplate).

The interaction between the Pacific and Australia plate creates one of the most active tectonic environments in the world, with a high level of associated earthquake activity. Since 1976, a 200-km long section of the Tonga – Kermadec subduction zone that includes the epicenter of the September 29 earthquake has produced over 50 earthquakes of magnitude 6 or larger, with the largest having magnitude 7.9.

Posted in active tectonic environment, Australia plate, Kermadec microplate, North Island of New Zealand, Tonga - Kermadec subduction | Tagged: , , , , | 4 Comments »

Powerful Earthquake Strikes Honshu, Japan

Posted by feww on June 14, 2008

Japan Quake Update [June 18, 2008]

  • Death toll: At least 10 people
  • Missing: 12 people
  • Injured: About 250 people
  • Evacuees: About 300 people spent Saturday night in evacuation centers

Recent quake history:

  • October 2004. A magnitude 6.8 earthquake struck Niigata prefecture in northern Japan, killing 65 people and injuring about 3,500 others.
  • January 1995. A Mw 6.8 [the Moment magnitude scale, USGS,] struck the city of Kobe in 1995, killing 6,434 people, many were injured and up to 500,000 people lost their homes.
  • September 1923. The worst earthquake in Japan, the Great Kantō earthquake, estimated to have had a magnitude between 7.9 and 8.4, claimed up to 142,000 lives. The biggest cause of death was the fires which spread rapidly due to high winds from a typhoon. In the worst single incident, up to 40,000 people who had fled their homes and businesses gathering in an Army Parade Ground in central Tokyo were incinerated by a firestorm. Tokyo, the port of Yokohama, neighboring prefectures of Chiba, Kanagawa, and Shizuoka were devastated by the quake. the quake caused the equivalent of about $200 billion in damage, more than 2.5% of Japan’s GDP that year.

6.8Mw Quake Occurred Near Akita, Japan

A Magnitude 6.8 Earthquake struck Japan’s Iwate prefecture, east of the main island of Honshu Saturday, June 14, 2008 at 08:43:46 AM local time. At least six people have been killed with 8 others missing and more than 200 injured.

The mainshock was followed by a cluster of aftershocks including at least 12 strong aftershocks measuring between 4.5 to 5.5Mw as of 07:11:57 PM (time at epicenter.)


A highway bridge lies in ruins in Ichinoseki city, Iwate Prefecture, June 14, 2008. A powerful earthquake rocked rural northern Japan on Saturday sparking huge landslides that blocked roads and isolated residents. REUTERS/KYODO.
Image may be subject to copyright. See FEWW Fair Use Notice!

The following details were reported by USGS:

  • Magnitude: 6.8
  • Date-Time: Friday, June 13, 2008 at 23:43:46 UTC
    Saturday, June 14, 2008 at 08:43:46 AM at epicenter
  • Location: 39.103°N, 140.668°E
  • Depth: 10 km
  • Region: EASTERN HONSHU, JAPAN
  • Distances: 80 km SSW of Morioka, Honshu, Japan
    85 km SE of Akita, Honshu, Japan
    95 km N of Sendai, Honshu, Japan
    390 km NNE of TOKYO, Japan


Image: USGS


Map of Japan. Source: USGS

The local news sources in Japan have reported the quake as 7.2 magnitude [presumably using the old, or the revised JMA magnitude scale.]

Tectonic Summary
The Mw 6.8 Honshu earthquake of June 13th 2008 occurred in a region of convergence between the Pacific Plate and the Okhotsk section of the North American Plate in northern Japan, where the Pacific plate is moving west-northwest with respect to North America at a rate of approximately 8.3 cm/yr. The hypocenter of the earthquake indicates shallow thrusting motion in the upper (Okhotsk) plate, above the subducting Pacific plate, which lies at approximately 80 km depth at this location.

The earthquake occurred in a region of upper-plate contraction, probably within the complicated tectonics of the Ou Backbone Range, known to have hosted several large earthquakes in historic times. The largest of these events occurred in 1896, approximately 70km north of the June 13th event, and killed over 200 people in the local area. [Source: USGS]

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